Prevalence and Pattern of Risk Factors for Chronic Kidney Disease among Health Workers in a Tertiary Institution in South East Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the leading causes of mortality globally. The prevalence of risk factors associated with CKD is on the rise in Nigeria. Early recognition and treatment of risk factors can prevent or slow down disease progression. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of chronic kidney disease and some of its risk factors among health workers at Alex-Ekweueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study conducted as part of the activities to commensurate world kidney day. Consecutive volunteers were screened. Their biodata, anthropometric data, and blood pressures were obtained. Blood glucose was determined by glucometer, a urine sample was collected for urinalysis, and a blood sample was taken for serum creatinine. The estimation of glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the modification of diet in renal disease ( MDRD) formula. Results: 390 members of staff were screened. There were 152 (39%) males and 238 (61%) females. The mean age was 38.19 ± 10.24years. CKD risk factors were obesity (32.8%), hypertension (26.4%), proteinuria (11.0%) and diabetes mellitus (6.2%). 31.0% had CKD (eGFR<60 ml/min) and CKD was significantly associated with age, hypertension, obesity and proteinuria. Conclusion: Chronic kidney disease and its risk factors were prevalent among the participants. A healthy lifestyle and regular screening among health workers should be encouraged to curb CKD and its risk factors.